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sap

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verb

Synonym Chooser

How is the word sap distinct from other similar verbs?

Some common synonyms of sap are cripple, debilitate, disable, enfeeble, undermine, and weaken. While all these words mean "to lose or cause to lose strength or vigor," undermine and sap suggest a weakening by something working surreptitiously and insidiously.

a poor diet undermines your health
drugs had sapped his ability to think

In what contexts can cripple take the place of sap?

While the synonyms cripple and sap are close in meaning, cripple implies causing a serious loss of functioning power through damaging or removing an essential part or element.

crippled by arthritis

When can debilitate be used instead of sap?

The words debilitate and sap are synonyms, but do differ in nuance. Specifically, debilitate suggests a less marked or more temporary impairment of strength or vitality.

the debilitating effects of surgery

When would disable be a good substitute for sap?

The words disable and sap can be used in similar contexts, but disable suggests bringing about impairment or limitation in a physical or mental ability.

disabled by an injury sustained at work

When might enfeeble be a better fit than sap?

While in some cases nearly identical to sap, enfeeble implies a condition of marked weakness and helplessness.

enfeebled by starvation

Where would weaken be a reasonable alternative to sap?

In some situations, the words weaken and sap are roughly equivalent. However, weaken may imply loss of physical strength, health, soundness, or stability or of quality, intensity, or effective power.

a disease that weakens the body's defenses

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of sap
Noun
These bugs suck the plant’s vital sap, weakening the plant and disrupting its ability to produce chlorophyll to feed itself. Leanne Potts, Better Homes & Gardens, 29 Nov. 2025 For instance, the bacterium Carsonella ruddii, which lives as a symbiont within the guts of sap-feeding insects, has an even smaller genome than Sukunaarchaeum, at around 159,000 base pairs. Jake Buehler, Quanta Magazine, 24 Nov. 2025
Verb
Filling in The absence of senior power forward Pharrel Payne (right knee) has sapped the Terps of a productive commodity on both ends of the floor. Edward Lee, Baltimore Sun, 3 Jan. 2026 Once wet, cotton takes a long time to dry and will sap your heat. Dan Basso, Freep.com, 31 Dec. 2025 See All Example Sentences for sap
Recent Examples of Synonyms for sap
Noun
  • When the weather turns chilly, plants naturally enter a state of dormancy and draw energy down from their leaves and stems into their roots, which helps plants survive the cold without damage.
    Lauren Landers, Better Homes & Gardens, 11 Jan. 2026
  • Rheinmetall’s new technology is key for the energy transition in the field of hydrogen production.
    Prabhat Ranjan Mishra, Interesting Engineering, 11 Jan. 2026
Noun
  • As the humpback plunges back below the surface the remoras, also known as sucker fish, return to the whale, sticking their landings with the timing and precision of Olympic gymnasts.
    CNN Money, CNN Money, 8 Nov. 2025
  • Remove any canes that are crossing or rubbing against each other, as well as any suckers that have formed.
    Karen Brewer Grossman, Southern Living, 28 Oct. 2025
Noun
  • Of course, Philly’s historic cobblestone streets, narrow alleyways and uneven sidewalks aren’t wheelchair- or cane-friendly, and are a challenge for people with mobility limitations.
    Laura Baehr, The Conversation, 6 Jan. 2026
  • In videos widely shared to social media, Joel is seen looking thin, walking on stage with the help of a cane, a sign of his condition, a neurological disorder called Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.
    Madeleine Marr, Miami Herald, 5 Jan. 2026
Noun
  • The average cost of a home health aide is around $6,000 a month.
    Briah Lumpkins, Charlotte Observer, 12 Jan. 2026
  • The new doll is part of Mattel’s Fashionistas collection, which includes dolls with a diverse range of skin tones, hair textures, body types and health conditions, including type 1 diabetes, Down syndrome and blindness.
    Jacqueline Howard, CNN Money, 12 Jan. 2026
Verb
  • Evergreen branches bent under the weight of snow are already weakened; sweeping down the length of the branch toward the ground adds to the stress and increases the potential for breakage.
    Megan Hughes, Better Homes & Gardens, 10 Jan. 2026
  • These policies impose devastating costs on American citizens, weakening our economy, increasing the national debt, straining public budgets and tearing families apart.
    Voice of the People, New York Daily News, 10 Jan. 2026
Noun
  • But the proliferation of his branding on government entities shows a brazen vigor at self-promotion.
    Christine Ledbetter, Chicago Tribune, 4 Jan. 2026
  • Singing is a form of communication used to signal a bird's health, vigor, and fitness to potential partners and to warn off rivals, according to the Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
    Michele Laufik, Martha Stewart, 31 Dec. 2025
Noun
  • That performance included baton twirlers and horses galloping through the crowd.
    Tom Tapp, Deadline, 8 Nov. 2025
  • People have decided who is going to be the next person, and then just passing down the baton.
    Gayla Cawley, Boston Herald, 8 Nov. 2025
Noun
  • What’s your team’s greatest strength this season?
    Andy Jones, New York Times, 9 Nov. 2025
  • And that’s all without mentioning a run defense that flexed its strength against the Green Bay Packers, and a special teams group that is facilitating complementary football and more.
    Charlotte Observer, Charlotte Observer, 9 Nov. 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Sap.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/sap. Accessed 13 Jan. 2026.

More from Merriam-Webster on sap

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