The title is a slang word from the counterculture of Moscow and Leningrad, meaning a mess, turmoil or confusion.The structure of the film itself represents a similar mixture of characters and stories which are not all connected logically.
The Swimming scenes were shot in summer, so the snow on water and land is artificial.
Aleksandr Bashirov's (Babakin's) monologue about Yuri Gagarin while being interrogated was improvised.