- Youngest person to ever win a competitive Oscar (Best Supporting Actress, Lua de Papel (1973)). The statuette was presented to her by Charles Bronson and wife Jill Ireland (Dorothy Chandler Pavilion / April 2, 1974).
- According to her autobiography "A Paper Life", she was not named after her paternal grandmother as was widely rumored for years but actually named after jazz pianist Art Tatum.
- Michael Jackson claimed she was his first girlfriend and by all accounts his first big love. Tatum denies this in her autobiography, saying all that happened was that he briefly kissed her without permission when she was 12 and he was 17.
- One of a very few performers to win an Oscar for their debut performance.
- Highest paid child star in history when she made Garotos em Ponto de Bala (1976).
- Was scheduled to appear as host on NBC's Saturday Night Live (1975) for the November 27, 1976 episode, but she was replaced at the last minute by Jodie Foster.
- Was turned down by James Cameron for the role of Sarah Connor in O Exterminador do Futuro (1984). Linda Hamilton ended up playing the part.
- Was cast as Blythe Hunter in Wicked Wicked Games (2006) when original choice, Sean Young, was fired following apparent clashes with the show's producers.
- Was the second choice to play Violet in Menina Bonita (1978), along with Jodie Foster. However, neither Foster nor O'Neal were among the finalists; Brooke Shields won the part.
- Was voted #14 on VH1's 100 Greatest Kid Stars (2005).
- Turned down the role of Deborah Gelly for Sergio Leone's final movie Era uma Vez na América (1984). Elizabeth McGovern got the part.
- Was extremely vocal about being voted off of Dancing with the Stars (2005) before the disastrous Master P.
- She was 11 years old, the same age as her character, Amanda Whurlizer, when Garotos em Ponto de Bala (1976) was filmed.
- She was named Female Star of the Year by the National Association of Theater Owners in 1976
- Release of her autobiography, "A Paper Life". (2004)
- She is Irish descendant.
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