Explaining the color grading of the film, director Sarah Polley said the filmmakers played with saturation levels to create a feeling of "a world that had faded in the past." This is why the film appears to be almost black and white, but not quite.
Claire Foy was asked to have glued additional hairs to her eyebrows, because her natural (non-plucked) were considered too modern-looking.
Miriam Toews's book is narrated by the character August Wilson. However, the film is narrated by Autje, speaking to a future child of the colony. Director and screenwriter Sarah Polley said that the film was written and shot with August narrating, but it became clear during the editing process that the story needed to be told by one of the women who had been assaulted. The voiceover also gave Kate Hallett an even greater role.
Costume designer Quita Alfred procured some fabric and prayer coverings from an actual Mennonite community store, using differing colors and patterns for each family to represent certain traits they held as a unit.
Throughout filming, the cast were advised not to put on makeup or shave until wrapping.