Krzyzacy

Polish cinema is always good at adapting heroic war films like Potop or Ogniem I Mieczem. This one, based upon the book of the Noble Prize winner, Henryk Sienkiewycz, is a real hit. The directors managed to adapt this large and serious historical novel to a screen version. The plot tells about the wars between Poland and the Knights who were called the Crerss Bearers and lived in old Prussia nearby. The thrilling story tells about two brave and valiant Polish knights, Macko and Zbyszek. This story has everything - love story, tragedy of the Polish people being oppressed by the knights of Prussia, the heroic struggle, and on top of it all, the Grunwald Battle, that was the deafening defeat of the Prussian knights and lead to the changes in their history after that. Music, operators' work, actors' play, especially the parts of Henryk Borowski and Mieczyslaw Voit are impeccable. This is a fine example of the classic Polish battle movies.

I saw the German dubbed version of this movie over 20 years ago, when I was maybe 7 or 8 years old. Nonetheless, I have most vivid memories of this movie. This is a rare masterpiece, that sparks every little boys imagination, simply spectacular. I would love to see this movie again but so far no luck finding it on video.

Greatest Polish big budget film for me. Far, far better than today's huge budget craps that are released on DVD market, craps most of them from Eastern Europe, where CGI is galore. This sixties movie amazed me, even dubbed in French. A pure masterpiece, which has nothing to envy to Hollywood material. Excellent camera work, jawdropping cast and acting. Such movies are so rare to find, especially from Eastern Europe. If you crave for Medieval films, with plenty of extras, battles, gruesome and awesome battles, pulled by outstanding production design, this film is definitely for you. I don't know the other movies from this director, political oriented, but if I have the opportunity to watch them, I won't miss.

The movie is based on a Sienkiewicz's novel written in 1910 (500th anniversary of Tannenberg battle) and during the time of top German power in Europe. The content describes the life of medieval Polish gentry on the background of historical events (conflicts between the German Teutonic Orden and Kingdoms of Poland and Lithuania). Shows, how crude and cruel the life was that time. The movie has been made about 1960 on order of communist and para-nationalist propaganda to illustrate the role of alliance between Poles and "eastern nations" in stopping the German expansionism (a cold war ran that time, Poland had no diplomatic links with FR of Germany, which was putting Poland's western borders into questioning). The final Tannenberg battle scene is probably the best one battle movie in the history of cinematography. However, some propaganda accents have been put, i.e. German knights shooting "Heil!" at the beginning of the battle. The main tune of the film is to present Poles as a fit and sound nation.

The Teutonic Knights were an order of monks founded in 1190 in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. Like the Hospitallers their stated aim was to aid Christian pilgrims to the Holy Land and establish hostels and hospitals. But, also like the Hospitallers they degenerated into warriors ("warrior monk" is the mother of all oxymorons). After Christian forces were defeated and expelled from Palestine the Order fled back to Europe and was invited/disinvited by various local princes. After a while the Order settled in allegedly Germanic lands and since 1230 devoted its efforts to Christianize by fire and sword the eastern realms, in particular the Baltic Old Prussians and Lithuanians. It also campaigned against peoples as Christian as they were, such as the Republic of Novgorod in the 1240s.

The Knights were not deterred by the conversion of Lithuania to the Cristian faith, which voided any pretext for a Crusade. Foolishly, some Polish nobles invited the Order to their territories, which was answered with expropriations, plunder, enslavement of serfs and further encroachments on Polish lands. Poles and Lithuanians were finally fed up and organized a joint army commanded by King Wladislaw II Jagiello and Grand Duke Vytautas. They confronted and decisively defeated the Knights in the battle of Grunwald on July 15 1410, one of the largest battles in the Middle Ages, fought in a field southeast of Hamburg in the Order's home turf. The Knights military might was destroyed and their molestation of Eastern lands severely curtailed.

The last half hour (and centerpiece) of this movie is a reconstruction of the battle of Grunwald; the rest is on the abuses of the the Knights leading to the battle. The script is based on a 1900 novel by Henryk Sienkewicz, of Quo Vadis fame. His books based on history (translated to numerous languages and never out of print) are fast paced and exciting, which makes the movie equally exciting. I watched it in 1960, the year of its release and again recently, and it has stood the test of time; it is now as stirring as sixty years ago. There are some iconic shots: a screenwide line of defiant drummers shown later broken and decimated, the King wielding the two swords across the screen, the commanders of each army asking God's help in slaughtering the enemy with the same words.

The Knights left a sinister resonance in modern history, The Prussian military caste venerated them and many Prussian officers (including some of Hitler's generals) claimed descent from a Knight or other. There were riders dressed as Knights in Nazi parades. And, Hitler credited the Order with the concept of Drang Nach Osten = Drive to the East that. In his view, justified his invasion and attempted subjugation of Slavic lands. Obviously, the Order is vilified in Slavic countries; the Russian name for them is the Dog Knights, apparently coined by Karl Marx.