The Captive

Early in the 20th century, four independent Balkan states formed the Balkan League and defeated the Ottoman Empire during the years just prior to World War I. Set in Montenegro, one of the four independent states, Cecil B. DeMille's "The Captive," filmed in 1915, depicts events that took place only two years earlier. A peasant woman's brother is killed in a battle with the Ottoman Turks, and she is left alone to care for the family farm. To alleviate the labor shortage in Montenegro, authorities force Turkish prisoners of war to labor on local farms.

Lovely Blanche Sweet is Sonya Martinovich, the young widow who loses her brother and, left with a son and a small flock of goats, struggles to work her farm alone. Meanwhile, Muhamud Hassan, played by House Peters, is a Turkish nobleman soldiering in the Ottoman army. Hassan is captured and assigned to work for Martinovich. Needless to say in this simple, but touching story, Hassan befriends Sonya's son and an attraction develops between Sonya and Hassan. Based on a play by Jeanie MacPherson, the short 50-minute film has no time to delve into any impediments to romance, such as religious, linguistic, and cultural differences, not to mention the dangers of Hassan's taking sides against his own troops.

Although supporting players mug and twirl their mustaches, Sweet and Peters give naturalistic performances that largely avoid the pitfalls of the "grand style." While DeMille maintains a good pace, budgetary limits restrict his battle scenes, and the town's capture and re-capture appear to occur in one room. Appropriately tinted, the cinematography by Alvin Wyckoff is clear and sharp, although the landscapes are Southern California and not Montenegro. Despite quibbles that are largely a product of the period, aficionados of early silent films will definitely find "The Captive" worthy and perhaps essential viewing. However, European history buffs may also find the film of interest, because it throws light on the little-known Balkan Wars that were precursors to World War I. With a talented actress of early cinema, a rising directorial talent, and a surprisingly engaging story, "The Captive" is more than an historical curiosity, it is an entertaining movie.

To the general public the name of Cecil B. DeMille is associated with his last movie, the 1956 THE TEN COMMANDMENTS, which is actually a remake of his 1923 silent epic of the same name. They may also be familiar with THE GREATEST SHOW ON EARTH and SAMSON AND DELILAH. Real movie aficionados know his 1930s epics SIGN OF THE CROSS and CLEOPATRA and his appearance as himself in SUNSET BOULEVARD. However his career goes all the way back to the beginning of the silent feature era with 1914's THE SQUAW MAN, Hollywood's first feature film. 1915's THE CAPTIVE was his 13th feature and one of 10 movies that he directed that year including CARMEN and THE CHEAT. I have seen several early DeMille silents but had never heard of THE CAPTIVE until now. After seeing it, I consider it to be one of his very best early silents.

The DeMIlle family took very good care of his movies depositing several prints at the George Eastman House. Thanks to their efforts most of his early films have not only survived but look terrific. The print is easily the best one of this vintage that I have ever seen surpassing the same year's CARMEN. However what was even more remarkable to me is the relevancy of the storyline in today's political climate something that DeMille and co-writer Jeanie MacPherson (who appears briefly in the cabbage scene) obviously couldn't have foreseen. Set in 1913 during the Balkan Wars, the story concerns a Turkish prisoner who is sent to do manual labor for a young Montenegro woman whose brother is killed at the front. After a rough beginning, they start to get along when the Turks invade her village, threaten her, and expect him to join them. How captors and captives are treated changes throughout the film. In the end there are only refugees.

The beauty of the silent film is that since it's driven by visuals, anyone can be anything. Blanche Sweet is an ideal peasant woman while House Peters (a silent matinee idol who was born in England) is believable as the Turkish captive of the title. The performances are remarkably restrained and make the story quite believable. Even this early in the game DeMille had a great pictorial sense of where to place his camera and how to stage his scenes. The film would have looked great then and it really looks great now thanks to this stunning transfer. It sounds great as well thanks to Lucy Duke's idiomatic original score. A must for fans of early cinema and a real eye opener for those who only know DeMille by his later movies. This is the third Olive Films release of a silent title after 1914's THE UNDESIRABLE and the recently released WAGON TRACKS with William S. Hart. Hopefully there will be many more...For more reviews visit The Capsule Critic.

Once DeMille joined forces with Jeanie Macpherson, he was able to write original screenplays like this one rather than relying totally on adapting novels or plays. This film says a lot more about the relationship between DeMille and Macpherson than it does about the characters.

War is declared between Montenegro and Turkey. Page Peters joins the Montenegran army and is promptly shot dead, leaving his sister, Blanche Sweet, and little brother, Gerald Ward, to manage the farm by themselves. Soon they are assigned a P.O.W., aristocratic Turk House Peters, who is amused by Miss Sweet's posturing with a pistol, but treats young Ward and his woolly lamb well. As time goes on, they get on, until the Turks invade the village and it is up to Peters to defend the farm from his countrymen.

This early Demille movie counted coup with Miss Sweet, recently recruited from D.W. Griffith's company. For the period, it was not an expensive movie; estimates are its budget was about $12,000, and its gross of about $50,000 offered a handsome profit for the growing concern that would become Paramount. The performances are good, particularly Miss Sweet's (unsurprisingly) and, despite the costumes, it struck me as essentially a Civil War movie about the reconciliation of the nations that had been transferred to an exotic locale, to avoid comparisons to Griffith's blockbuster BIRTH OF A NATION.

I should offer an admiring word or forty about the Olive Films DVD I saw this on. It was a fine transfer from a perfectly preserved print, with many colored sections and a good supporting score by Lucy Duke. Although the modern viewer may find the film techniques of 1915 a bit telegraphic, for the period it is a solid work and worthwhile viewing for anyone interested in DeMille or Sweet's career.