Ferdinando el Toro

Walt Disney was dominating the animation field in the late 1930s. In the 1938 Academy Awards Best Animated Shorts category, four out of the five cartoons nominated for best cartoon were produced by Disney. Competition within Walt's studio was fierce to win the Oscar, yet a peace-loving bull whose interest is more in smelling flowers than attacking a matador's red cape in November 1938's "Ferdinand the Bull" beat out Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck and a 'Silly Symphony' entry. The bull's win broke a six-year streak by the 'Silly Symphony's' animators, who had won that category since cinema's first three-strip Technicolor cartoon, 1932's "Flowers and Trees." "Ferdinand the Bull" beat out Disney's 'Silly Symphony's' 'Mother Goose Goes to Hollywood'-the third-to-last cartoon in that highly-successful series-Mickey Mouse's 'Brave Little Tailor,' Donald Duck's 'Good Little Scout,' and Max Fleischer's 'Hunky and Spunky.'

"Ferdinand the Bull," based on American author 1936 Munro Leaf's book, 'The Story of Ferdinand,' features a bull who loves nature rather than fighting other bulls. When a group of bullfighting scouts are canvasing the area for bulls, Ferdinand's colleagues, who are raised to fight one another, show off their beastly skills. Our hero Ferdinand, whose passion is smelling flowers, accidentally sits on a bee's stinger, sending him into a frenzy and knocking all the other bulls on their keisters. The scouts are so impressed with Ferdinand's hutzpah they haul him to their bull ring.

At the day of his fateful battle with the matador, whose face looks like Walt Disney, Ferdinand is escorted by his handlers. These assistants' appearances were an inside joke by the cartoonists who drew their faces to resemble those who created "Ferdinand the Bull.' Ferdinand demonstrates to the angry bulls destined to meet their eventual deaths in the ring that the best way to escape such a fate is to take the time to smell the flowers tossed into the ring by admiring women spectators to the matadors they love. The leftists fighting in the Spanish Civil War at the time saw the cartoon as a parable for pacifism. They remembered the lessons of Ferdinand when they assumed power in Spain, and insisted on remaining neutral during World War Two.

"Ferdinand the Bull" is included in the Disney Christmas special 'From All of Us to All of You,' first shown on television in 1958. The extravaganza has since been dropped from its United States' TV line-up during the holiday season, but in the Scandinavian countries the program is a Christmas Eve ritual on their broadcasting stations. In 1982, Swedish TV programmers decided to tinker with the cartoons in the 90-minute show, and replaced "Ferdinand the Bull" with the Academy Award-winner 1939's "The Ugly Duckling," a Silly Symphony cartoon. The telephones of the country's TV stations lit up with viewers protesting the switch. With its tail between the legs, Sweden reinserted Ferdinand into the special the following year. The Disney Christmas show in these Scandinavian countries consistently ranks as one of the most popular television programs for the entire year.

From a two-page trade-paper ad on November 2, 1938:

"WALT DISNEY'S Production of FERDINAND THE BULL. Never in all motion picture history have any but the most important feature attractions been given such nation-wide plugging!...Stories, articles, art and pictorial layouts, editorials and fashion announcements in magazines whose NET PAID CIRCULATIONS TOTAL 15, 542, 945! Look at the list already committed: LIFE...PHOTOPLAY...CUE...SCREEN GUIDE...VOGUE...MICKEY MOUSE MAGAZINE...LOOK...McCALLS...HARPER'S BAZAAR...STAGE...YOUNG America...MOVIE LIFE...LIBERTY...WOMAN'S DAY...MOVIE STORY...THEATRE ARTS...SCHOLASTIC...ROCKEFELLER CENTER WEEKLY.

Add to this a total of sixty-four licensees signed up for one hundred and two separate articles of merchandise. Big window displays everywhere. Big fashion parades in department stores. A PROMOTIONAL CAMPAIGN THAT CAN BE COMPARED ONLY WITH SNOW WHITE.'"

THANKSGIVING WEEK ATTRACTION AT LEADING FIRST RUNS EVERYWHERE.

NEXT Disney RELEASES * MERBABIES -Release Date, December 9 * MOTHER GOOSE GOES Hollywood - Release Date, December 23

Mr. Disney knew how to go to market.

There is some historical significance associated with the story of Ferdinand the Bull as the Spanish Civil War is said to have begun a few months after the story of Ferdinand was written. The domestic harmless nature of the bull is said to represent pacifistic views towards the situation in Spain. Munro Leaf may have partly been influenced by the political climate around him while writing about Ferdinand, but this remains uncertain.

The 1938 short by Disney does not consider all this, and is more concerned with showing Ferdinand's love for flowers. Ferdinand does not care about bull fights unlike his fellow bulls, and prefers reclining under his favorite tree, inhaling the sweet fragrance of the flowers. His mother, despite being a 'cow' is very considerate and allows him to do as he likes. But after a bee accident, Ferdinand is thought to be the most ferocious of bulls and is brought to the bull fight. His name too changes to 'Ferdinand the Fierce' for the event; everyone including the bullfighter is scared of him and they anticipate his grand entry. What happens after this surprises everyone in the story but now us because we already know how Ferdinand actually is.

This story would have been stratospherically more poignant and rich had auteur Frederic Back made it; remember how he beautifully used the chair as a motif while showing the rapid transformation of Quebec society in his brilliant short 'Crac'. Ferdinand the Bull would have got that flavor of Spain had Back made this film; however, Disney does enough justice to make this film watchable and enjoyable. Ferdinand the Bull hence does not wow us but it does bring a smile upon our faces, which is Disney's primary aim.

Verdict: Would have been stratospherically more poignant and richer had Frederic Back made 'Ferdinand the Bull', but Disney does manage to make the short entertaining enough

After decades, it remains a delightful short animation. About simplicity, about contemplation and about to be a bull in own terms. The drawings, the story, the humor are the same pillars of seduction. A lovely short film and a pure gem.

This is one of my favorite stories from childhood and this Disney cartoon did a wonderful job of capturing the spirit of the classic Muro Leaf story. The 1939 Oscars were a particularly good year, with Disney receiving 4 of 5 nominations in the category of Best Cartoon and receiving the award for FERDINAND--beating out such Disney classics as THE BRAVE LITTLE TAILOR and GOOD SCOUTS.

The film is about a gentle bull in Spain who has no interest in fighting. Instead, he'd rather just sit and smell the flowers all day. However, when men come looking for fierce bulls for the bullfighting ring, they think Ferdinand is the meanest bull because he was just stung by a bee. What happens next you'll need to see for yourself.

There is a lot to like about this cartoon. The artwork, though not exactly in the style of the children's book, is pretty close and is among the better animated shorts Disney did in the era. If you compare the artwork, music and quality to fare from Fleischer, Warner Brothers and MGM at the same time, it is light-years ahead. The best cartoons at that time were clearly Disney--with MGM and Warner Brothers still making saccharine-sweet cartoons with second-rate animation until the 1940s (when these two studios became the best maker of cartoon shorts). This film just screams "quality" throughout and deserved the Oscar.

By the way, get a load of the Cork Tree! Ha!