Souls for Sale

"O Hollywood! Hollywood! Thou movie-mammon that leadest our children astray, and teachest them wickedness! O Los Angeles, thy name should be Los Diaboles!"

What a crazy, improbable, entertaining hot mess this was. It all starts with a young woman named Remember "Mem" Steddon (Eleanor Boardman) on a train with a man (Lew Cody) she's just married but has a bad feeling about, and so jumps off when it's briefly stopped. She winds up wandering until she happens across a movie shooting in the desert, which leads to her seeking work as an actor. He continues on seeking out his next victim, you see, because he's a serial killer, who marries and then kills his wives for their insurance. The film follows the two stories lines as they diverge; despite a rough start she eventually becomes a star, while he ends up in Egypt, where he runs into a surprise of his own. Somehow we know their paths are going to cross again, and while what happens isn't the most satisfying of plot resolutions, the ending sequence is a wild spectacle.

This was Boardman's first big role, and she's wonderful. Look for her character's wonderfully awful screen tests as she tries to break in the business. Even better is the host of Hollywood actors and directors we see on various film sets, in what are meaty cameos, e.g. Charlie Chaplin making 'A Woman of Paris,' Erich von Stroheim making 'Greed,' and Fred Niblo making 'The Famous Mrs. Fair,' There are many other shots behind the scenes, things like a stuntman dressed as a woman to double for Boardman, elaborate sets, and a giant propeller used to create wind.

We also see a casting director besieged by young women all looking to be a star, with one willing to "pay the price" as she puts it as she comes on to him, a clear reference for sex being the price a woman had to pay to get into the business, even by 1923. The film portrays the casting director as being virtuous and turning her away with the line "Say, are you trying to vamp me?" when of course the reality was probably almost always the opposite. In general the film is a little too rah-rah on Hollywood, putting it in the most positive light of people who worked extremely hard and put their heart and soul into their work, not knowing if censors or the public would approve of the end product, when a more honest portrayal would have been better. On the other hand, as the industry was often under attack for its morals and the lifestyles of its stars in this timeframe, and this was when a scandal really meant box office death, so I can forgive it for that.

The plot is wacky but I liked it for its creativity and was willing to suspend disbelief to go along for the ride. It has great pace, there are nice visuals, and production value is pretty high for the period; even its overly verbose intertitles seem to add to its appeal. This is a silent film that grabs you from the start, and is easy to enjoy.

The title SOULS FOR SALE (Goldwyn Studios, 1923), directed by Rupert Hughes, might give some indication to anyone not familiar with this particular silent movie to be a horror tale about Satan worshipers at an auction block. It is, in fact, a Hollywood story. Not quite what is expected from the legendary "A Star is Born," yet something more to a "What Price Hollywood" theme centering upon actors who, figuratively speaking, selling their souls for the price of fame, and showing the frightening risk they make for the sake of their art. An interesting screenplay starring Eleanor Boardman (best known today for her performance in director King Vidor's contemporary drama, "The Crowd" (1928)), in her first leading role, director Hughes places the top-named celebrities of the day to cameo appearances, providing viewers an inside look of actual movies currently in production.

The story revolves around a small town girl named Remember (Eleanor Boardman), (a name not to forget), whose leaves her minister father (Forrest Robinson) and mother (Edith Yorke) to marry Owen Studder (Lew Cody), who, unknown to her, is a confidence man who marries, has his wife insured and murders them. While on a honeymoon train heading for Los Angeles to go on a boat to China, Remember suddenly finds herself fearing this man, and after the train makes a water stop, she climbs down from the observation platform, only to have the train take off, leaving her alone in the middle of nowhere. Fainting due to excessive desert heat, "Mem" awakens to find herself comforted by a sheik (no, it's not Rudolph Valentino), who happens to be Tom Holby (Frank Mayo), an actor from a motion picture company on location. After she regains her strength to go on, director Frank Claymore (Richard Dix) offers her extra work in the movies. After the company departs, "Mem," in need of work, comes to Hollywood where she makes her rounds to the casting offices at various studios, and in doing so, she gets to witness famous celebrities and directors at work. Meeting up with Claymore again, he offers her screen tests and bit parts until Robina Teele (Mae Busch), the leading lady in his upcoming circus movie, meets with an accident, having Claymore cast Mem in the lead instead. Claymore has fallen in love with Mem and wants to marry her, but can't because of her marriage to a man whose reputation might cause a scandal. More problems arise when Studder, now broke, who had seen Mem in a movie, decides to cash in on her success by wanting to come back into her life, much against her better judgment.

The supporting players consists of William Haines as Pinkey, the assistant director; Barbara LaMarr as Love LaMaire, "the screen's best hated vamp"; Dale Fuller, Aileen Pringle, Snitz Edwards, as well as 35 guest stars ranging from notable, forgotten and legendary performers of the day. Film enthusiasts will endure watching Erich Von Stroheim directing Jean Hersholt in "Greed"; Charlie Chaplin directing "A Woman of Paris"; along with the lesser known Fred Niblo directing "The Famous Mrs. Fair." Key scenes include the filming of a circus story realistically destroyed by a blaze of fire.

SOULS FOR SALE was one of many silent movies of the period to have become missing links over the years, with no known prints to survive. As luck would have it, a copy was discovered sometime in the 1970s in Czechoslovakia Eileen Bowser, film historian from the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. While SOULS FOR SALE premiered on Turner Classic Movies on January 24, 2006, newly scored by Marcus Sjowall, its television broadcast history actually didn't begin there, but 27 years prior on a public television station in New York City, WNET, Channel 13, July 15, 1978, on a scarcely noticed series dedicated to the discovery of lost and found movies appropriately titled "Lost and Found" hosted by Richard Schickel, with Bowser as consultant, airing on eight consecutive Saturday evenings from June to August 1978. Following its 80 minute and music-scored presentation, an after film discussion took place with Schickel giving a profile on other movies with Hollywood related themes, including "Hollywood" (1923), "Merton of the Movies" (1924), both lost films; "The Extra Girl" (1923), "Show People" among many others, along with the discovery of SOULS FOR SALE. Aside from limited rebroadcasts and theatrical screenings at the Museum of Modern Art, SOULS FOR SALE remains a forgotten item from cinema history. Yet, some questions remain, "What becomes of movies, particularly silent ones, after it ends its run on television?" Some have been distributed to video cassette the way it was formerly shown, others with using different underscoring, some with no scores at all. "If these movies have already been scored, why go through the trouble of re-scoring them?" It's obvious that the staff of TCM had no indication that SOULS FOR SALE ever played on television before, since "Lost and Found" was not nationally syndicated nor did it ever go through the rerun process afterwards. As mentioned by TCM host Robert Osborne, TCM acquired a print but minus music score. "Couldn't a print be leased from the already scored copy from MOMA?" Quite possible, however, the 1978 TV presentation happened to be ten minutes shorter than the TCM showing, indicating missing footage now restored. One thing to be thankful for, that TCM appears to be the only cable channel to go through the bother of dedicating and bringing obscure silents such as this back from the dead, plus a chance to give young composers, such as Sjowall, a chance to display his God-given talent. His newly composed score fits every mood of the story to perfection.

A find blend of humor, drama and suspense, SOULS FOR SALE, for what it is, succeeds to be a watchable little item. One can only hope for further rebroadcasts (DVD distribution 2009 from TCM Archive) for SOULS FOR SALE to become better known today. (***)

Beautiful Eleanor Boardman (as Remember "Mem" Steddon) has just married amorous Lew Cody (as Owen Scudder). But, contemplating her coming honeymoon nights makes Ms. Boardman recoil from Mr. Cody. Suddenly, Boardman jumps off the train carrying the unhappily married couple through the desert of early Los Angeles, California. Almost dead from struggling through the Hollywood sand, Boardman collapses on the location setting for a movie directed by Richard Dix (as Frank Claymore). Boardman reluctantly decides to bloom where she is planted; and, she becomes a movie star. Boardman is romanced by "director" Dix and matinée idol Frank Mayo (as Tom Holby). Meanwhile, estranged husband Cody plans his "comeback"…

The melodramatic "Souls for Sale" moves way too quickly, and is not structured for easy viewing. For example, details about the characters played by Boardman and Cody are revealed too late for full dramatic impact. The story is more interesting during a second viewing. Writer Rupert Holmes (uncle of eccentric Howard Hughes) didn't direct many movies, but he does exceptionally well, helming his own "Souls for Sale". The direction of the "circus" scenes is filled with exciting, memorable moments. And, the calmer scenes aren't bad either, like the scene wherein Cody holds framed photographs of his handsome rivals (Dix and Mayo) up to Boardman's mirror. Big names in 1923 filmdom appear in supporting and cameo roles.

******* Souls for Sale (3/27/23) Rupert Holmes ~ Eleanor Boardman, Lew Cody, Richard Dix, Frank Mayo

Tonight "Souls for Sale" premiered on Turner Classic Movies with a wonderful new score by Marcus Sjowall, winner of the TCM 6th Annual Young Film Composers competition.

I cannot say if this is the best available print of this long-forgotten film, but it's (relatively) clean, and the hand-tinting ranges from obvious, (in the desert scenes), to moody and evocative, (in the train sequence that opens the film and the fire later on). Its director and screenwriter, Rupert Hughes, was the uncle of Howard Hughes. He based the screenplay on his own novel, and if any of the other six films he directed are as good as this, I'd like to see them.

Eleanor Boardman was a lovely actress, whose character in "Souls for Sale" is improbably named Remember Steddon, nicknamed "Mem." Boardman was adept at both comedy and drama, and tended to "emote" far less than was the style of the era. Compare her performance with that of Barbara LaMarr in this film, who was far better known at the time. (And LaMarr is a little more restrained than usual here.) Boardman has a dream role in "Souls for Sale": she literally tumbles off a train into the midst of a big budget Hollywood production being filmed in the desert, unexpectedly becoming an actress in the process.

This gentle lampooning of the Valentino sheik pictures sets in motion a series of send-ups of various Hollywood genres of the silent era: historical and costume dramas, burlesques and action films. Boardman's parts grow steadily larger while she gains more and more confidence in herself and her talents. It's a lovely transformation to watch as she grows from a sheltered, small-town minister's daughter to a queen of the silent screen.

Along the way, Mem rubs shoulders with countless Hollywood stars of the period and at least a half-dozen directors, including Charles Chaplin (filming "A Woman of Paris") and Erich Von Stroheim, who was filming "Greed." Since its earliest days, one of Hollywood's favorite subjects has been itself. Some movies about the Dream Factory come across as heavy-handed ("The Day of the Locust"), others as cynical and knowing ("The Player"), and still others as a pleasing blend of cynicism and comedy ("Singing in the Rain"). "Souls for Sale" seems to me to have all the best elements of a Hollywood on Hollywood movie. It's funny, warm, entertaining and engaging all the way, with a breathtaking climax.

More and more silent films are lost every year. Each time I discover one as good as "Souls for Sale," I know there are probably a half a dozen more films just as good that are gone forever. Thank heaven for the painstaking work of film preservationists. As a silent film enthusiast, I am so grateful for opportunities like the one TCM viewers got this evening.

A truly enjoyable romp down Hollywood's memory lane comes to us courtesy, really, of Turner Classic Movies' "Young Film Composers Competition." The latest winner, Marcus Sjowall, was given the opportunity to provide a score to a silent film that had lost its own, and a very fine job Mr Sjowall did, too.

In 1923, Rupert Hughes directed this production of his eponymous novel. The scandals of the very early 1920s had evidently been on his mind, and Hughes wanted to counteract all that bad publicity. He acknowledges the scandals, then sets out to surmount them with title-card after title-card describing the long hours and hard work of Hollywood's employees, going so far at one point as to describe the work as "factory-hard," which must have been startling to young girls slaving away in sweatshops for pennies a day.

The story that conveys this message of virtuousness in Babylon concerns one Remember "Mem" Stodden, the daughter of a reverend who denounces Hollywood from his pulpit. Mem has married Owen Scudder in haste, but does not plan to repent at leisure--she hops from their train on the honeymoon trip. Stumbling through the desert, Mem collapses on the location set of a sheikh film (just as Eddie Cantor would do 14 years later, in "Ali Baba Goes to Town"), where she attracts the attention of the leading man. She shuns the film folk, though, and goes to work at a small hotel, but is laid off at the end of the season.

She decides to try her hand at the movies after all, and this begins perhaps the oddest part of the film. Successive scenes show movie people at work--directors, actors, cameramen, extras--and clearly this is Hughes at work, rehabilitating his coworkers. This is neither about the Glamour Factory nor an industry expose; it's more of a big infomercial for the movie business. It's fascinating to note which real-life stars are still recognizable today, and which prompt a confused, "Who??" Which isn't to say that Hughes doesn't get his digs in here and there. The vamp, the sheikh, the publicity shots that create a myth, the national screen sweetheart who's maybe just a little bit catty in real life--Hughes captures it all. My favorite set piece of this kind is Mem's screen test: she watches in the screening room in horror as she mugs and prances about on-screen, just as many silent actors of her era did: "Has anyone ever been so terrible on film"? Another nice one is Reverend Steddon's stunned reaction when he runs up to Mem on a circus picture set only to find a stunt man dressed in aerialist drag.

These scenes of Hollywood life are intercut with the travels of Owen Scudder, who is, it turns out, a wanted man, a Bluebeard who marries then kills. We see him court another victim, and later get very satisfactorily hoist with his own petard. Eventually, he reads about his wife's success, and comes to Hollywood to cash in.

This creates a kind of love rectangle, made up of Mem, her director, her leading man, and her no-good husband, all of which is satisfactorily settled in the dramatic closing scenes.

The film has had a lot of work done--many of its title cards seem to have gone missing, and the ones that are substituted often have modern-sounding phrasing, which led me to wonder if we were getting the same story as was originally told. The score is superb: evocative and subtle. The print is choppy; at one point a brief scene is inserted of one of Scudder's victims without context or explanation, and that can get a little disconcerting.

But it's an interesting film, funny and touching in many places, and a wonderful evocation of time and place.