Uruwashiki saigetsu

For a filmmaker best known for ponderous dramas, and at that surely some of the best pictures ever made, it's so interesting to go back and watch pieces that Kobayashi Masaki made earlier in his career. 'Youth of the son' feels much more like a TV sitcom of the 50s, while 'Fountainhead' quite comes across as a melodrama fit for daytime television; this feature of 1955 is arguably even more divided in its blend of comedy and drama. There are ruminations ranging from very light to notably more weighty concerning the differences between generations, and generational perspectives on contemporary Japan, and more serious reflection on how society and people have changed in the ten years since World War II ended. Various strains of drama and strong threads of romance also weave through the narrative, likewise splitting the difference between comedy and drama, and in turn the vibes herein cover a spectrum from unbearably kitschy, to earnestly cheerful or solemn, to, yes, melodramatic; the references I made above were not without reason.

All of it - all this, and more - is quite well written, actually, a fine credit to screenwriter Matsuyama Zenzo. A few years before he would collaborate with Kobayashi on his monumental trilogy 'The human condition,' Matsuyama penned a compelling story of life, love, and changing times and hardship in contemporary Japan. Firm scene writing and interesting characters make for an enjoyable viewing experience, and at that also one that gives viewers much to honestly think about. This isn't to say that the result is flawless, because somewhere between Matsuyama's screenplay and Kobayashi's direction what somewhat comes across in 'Beautiful days' is a sense of lacking focus, and unevenness. This is no specific indication of quality, for each facet is very suitably well done, and everything is adeptly tied together for an absorbing, satisfying movie; rather, it's just that as the storytelling touches upon so many ideas and moods, there will invariably be a measure of whiplash. I don't know what the solution to this may have been, for there is no superfluous element in the plot; I just know that as the tale necessarily swings to and fro, rough edges manifest as the disparities wear on us as viewers.

And still, the writing is completely solid with understated vitality as the film traces the interwoven lives of these characters. Though the mood swings, Kobayashi's direction is superb in capturing the spirit of each scene in turn, and in shaping the whole into as cogent and cohesive a form as it could have taken. In fairness, too, in the latter half the discrepancies become less troublesome as the threads converge; storytelling that may have initially seemed a little scattered is decidedly tighter as the length draws on. Truthfully, for as much as I've harped on the wide spread in 'Beautiful days,' it's very well made overall, and any subjective issues are minor in the grand scheme of things. In every other capacity this is lovely, with fantastic filming locations, and production design and art direction, and sharp costume design, hair, and makeup. Editor Sugihara Yoshi is to be commended for the keen eye with which he molded the title; though not so outwardly noteworthy, I appreciate Morita Toshiyasu's cinematography. And not least as the course of events builds to its confluence in the back end, and its conclusion, the actors give wonderfully heartfelt performances commensurate with the pleasant warmth that the saga ultimately evokes. Only for their prominence do some cast members stand out above others, and all around the acting is characterized by welcome, nuanced range and emotional depth while never getting fully bogged down in any one beat or feeling.

It may not strike the same chords as 'The inheritance' or 'Black River,' let alone 'Harakiri,' but even if it bears some imperfections, it's nice to see Kobayashi exploring a different side of himself as a storyteller and filmmaker. Even as it hits on some downbeat notes this picture is kind of refreshing for what is, all told, a softer variety of drama. I tend to have very high expectations of the filmmaker, and while not all his works are equal, I'm pleased that when all is said and done I think 'Beautiful days' surely counts among his successes. It's nothing that totally demands viewership per se, but if one has the opportunity to watch then this is pretty great, and I'm happy to give it my hearty recommendation.

The conventional wisdom about the director, Masaki Kobayashi's movie career is that he was forced by his studio to make a bunch of uninteresting crowd pleasers before he was allowed to make his 60's masterpieces. Well, I don't know (yet) about all of his early movies, but Beautiful Days strikes me as a movie that any director would have been proud to have directed. Sure, it's not in the same league as The Human Condition or Kwaidan, but it's still an excellently made drama.

There is not much of a plot. Most of the action revolves around three young men who have been friends since middle school but now find themselves drifting apart. That's about it. The storyline isn't really the point. The movie's pleasures come from the characters' interactions and the way they respond to the pressures caused by tough economic times, nostalgia, family pressures and disillusionment caused by WWII. The performances are all very good, but the movie is stolen by Keiji Sada who plays a jazz drummer who is trying, rather half-heartedly, to live a life of dissipation.

Again, this movie lacks the grand ambitions and social commentary of Kobayashi's later movies, but anyone looking for a solid, quiet drama won't be disappointed.

There used to be four of them, but one was killed, and now the three friends are drifting apart. One became a doctor, but can't seem to hold a position for more than a year before he quarrels and leaves. Another wanted to be a lawyer, but now is a drummer at a club. The third works at a plant. Even the young lovers, Isao Kimura -- he's the doctor -- and Yoshiko Kuga find themselves drifting away from each other. Each of these four young people see themselves as failures, unable to be the good people they had imagined. So they beat themselves up, and they quarrel with each other.

It's difficult to think of the writer Zenzô Matsuyama and the director Masaki Kobayashi without THE HUMAN CONDITION trilogy coming into your thoughts, but this movie, about the large, sprawling interconnections of human beings, and how people are better than they imagine themselves, was their first collaboration. It's a good movie, too, centering itself on the lovers, but with plenty of time to investigate other characters, like Akiko Tamura as Miss Kuga's grandmother, and her friendship with the man who almost ran her over with her car. It's sprawling, it's kind-hearted and it made me think kindly thoughts about people that I don't often think.

Masaki Kobayashi was still in the phase where he couldn't make the films he really wanted, but it seems obvious to me that he was bringing his passion to the movies he was making. Beautiful Days is in the same mold as Somewhere Beneath the Wide Sky and Three Loves, a film about a surprisingly large ensemble all revolving around a central idea. Written by Zenzo Matsuyama, who would go on to adapt The Human Condition for Kobayashi a few years later, Beautiful Days has a surprising depth of emotion and intelligence to how it uses its large cast of characters.

The film centers around a group of young men and a woman who were all close friends in middle school, seemingly forever ago before a World War blew everything apart. Imanishi (Isao Kimura) is an idealistic doctor who starts the film quitting his job in a small hospital after being told by the director that he can't just keep giving away free medicine and hospital beds and expect the hospital to keep running. Sakurako (Yoshiko Kuga) is the younger sister of two brothers who both died in the war in different circumstances, one of whom was really the closest to the other men in the story. Nakao (Keiji Sada) went to school to study the law but cannot find work in the field, so he plays the drums in a nightclub and borrows money from time to time from Sakurako's grandmother Mrs. Tokioka (Akiko Tamura) who also was nearly killed by Shigaki (Eitaro Ozawa), a retired CEO of a textile company when his car accidentally knocked her down. Finally, there is Hakamada (Junkichi Orimato) who, with a large family to support in his self-made shack, works in a manufacturing plant that saps his time and energy.

Each of these friends has their own little subplot. Imanishi and Sakurako are unofficially engaged without the knowledge of Imanishi's parents or Sakurako's grandmother, and Imanishi is trying to decide it he'll leave Tokyo forever to move to the small city of Akita to take a job as a researcher. He wants to make this decision himself, so he creates a distance between himself and Sakurako. At the same time, Shigaki wants to set up his younger son Yuji (Akio Satake) with Sakurako, and Mrs. Tokioka is receptive to the idea while also acknowledging that times have changed. They can't simply arrange the marriage. They can set things up for the two to meet, but they can't force it. When Imanishi pushes Sakurako away for his time to think alone, she does meet with Yuji, and they have obvious affection for each other.

Nakao works with a dancer in the club whose mother is slowly succumbing to tuberculosis, and he uses Imanishi's new free time to get him to check her out, borrowing money from Mrs. Tokioka to help cover whatever costs the woman needs. And yet, when Imanishi organizes an outing for all four to go to Sakurako's brother's grave, Nakao is dismissive of the entire exercise the whole time he's there, singing nonsense songs and taking none of it seriously. He puts on an air of not caring, and yet he's taking out large loans and working hard to get this girl's mother the attention she needs.

Hakamada gets the least screen time, but his story is no less important. His life is a hard one, working all the time in harsh conditions while trying to figure out a way to move his sick family from their shack which is scheduled to be torn down and replaced by a larger, modern structure. He doesn't have much time to focus on anything since he's working so much, and it's made all the worse by his boss believing that he's stolen some materials, a conflict that escalates to the point where Hakamada attacks him in front of everyone. Nakao ends up being the driving force to find a way to get Hakamada out of prison legally, paying his fines and the medical bills of the manager he hurt, again showing that Nakao's exterior cynicism isn't really what drives him.

What do all of these subplots have to do with each other? They involve a group of friends, but so what? What makes the compendium of stories relate to each other? All of them are swirling around this idea of a group of old friends moving on. I don't think Kobayashi ever suffered from acute senses of nostalgia because the friends often reminisce about the old times, but they never remember the good ones. Nakao talks more than once about how other children (it's never clear, but it may even have been his close friends) made fun of him for being the son of a mistress. The group are in a mixture of clinging to the past like visiting the grave or simply rejecting it. It even extends to the sweet little relationship that develops between Mrs. Tokioka and Shigaki where they talk about Tokyo during the war and how Mrs. Tokioka never evacuated.

The movie is ultimately about change, about how it can be painful (like Imanishi leaving his family) but how it can also be very necessary at the same time (like Nakao learning to actually try and care for other people). There's also a deep sadness about how life, and by extension Japan's involvement in World War II, completely derailed the chosen directions of their lives. The changes in direction may be just or unjust, but they have to pick up the pieces and move on nonetheless.

Kobayashi was working firmly within a genre he didn't seem all that interested in considering the effort to produce The Thick-Walled Room and the direction of his later work, but you can still feel that same anger against unjust systems even here. The systems in these early movies are much smaller, usually around how families and close relationships are structured, but they share the same DNA. Kobayashi wasn't working on films that were his passion, but he was bringing his passion to the films he could work on. That's actually quite admirable, especially from a young, hungry filmmaker who had already been slapped down by government authorities. He refused to completely subvert himself. He was still making movies that spoke to him.