Christus kam nur bis Eboli

This dutiful, detailed three-and-a-half TV epic describes the exile of dissident intellectual Carlo Levi in a remote village of fascist Italy, blighted by poverty, disease, immirgration and governmental contempt. The film is part-character study, part-socio-historico-political analysis, part careful representation of a people and its place. It is seriously flawed (the people are sentimentalised, the politics are simplistic, the pleasant presentation (music, major actors, cinematography etc.) works against the horrifiic subject matter); but there are nice ironies too, such as the Christlike Levi capable of the fascism he deplores.

The film can be seen in two contexts, as a neo-realist riposte to the prominent anti-realist 70s films about Fascism ('The Spider's Strategem', 'The Conformist', 'Amarcord'), and as a prestigious historical epic on a national theme frequent in the 70s and 80s ('The Travelling Players', 'Heimat'). In both cases it falls short.

This long TV film was very influential (on my younger self) which has remained at the forefront of my memory since it was shown on the BBC over forty years ago.

Some people might find this a bit slow and there's not a lot of action. It is deliberately slow and long (3 hours) to give you a similar immerse experience to Carlo Levi himself has as he is thrusted into that strange alien world. As you'll know, it's a true story of a doctor from northern Italy exiled to a southern backwater, a place not just separated by miles from civilisation but by centuries. The film is about how this learned 20th century man copes with and leans to love the harsh medieval world he is forced to be part of. We share this journey with him, we feel we are there. It's a beautiful, thoughtful and fascinating film.

this movie did more than any other Italian film i've seen to interest me in italy itself--the people, the land, the culture. it also opened my mind to the intelligence of the uneducated among us--i loved that guilia was so real and right-n and so full of peasant superstition that in no way interfered with her ability to "get it." i have begun to travel in italy and having seen this film i am driven to see the south and visit the carlo levi house and museum. his paintings see into the object, to me, like a quality black and white study which i find the most expressive medium. as soon as i see the faces in the beginning of this film, i am drawn in. i found the melancholy music somewhat sentimental (like the music in truffaut's films) but a necessary comfort.

The transposition of Levi's autobiographical novel can recreate with effectiveness the atmosphere of absolute immobilism out of the history on which the novel really insists. Basilicata's and Southern Italy's setting helps to find a place absolutely uncontaminated by the modernity and the recent history. We wear the dresses of main character that works as a modern sonde in an anti-modern world: in this dimension we see all the contradictions of fascist Italy (of Italy tout court), divided by languages and geographies, where fight the fascism's rhetoric paroxysm against a world deaf to every modern rhythm. The farmer's world is a world based on the slow and circular rhythm of the nature, still impregnated with the sense of the superstitious of the events and of a mythology more ingrained than every fascist super-action.

The sedate interpretation of Volonté contributes to the assumption of a point of view curious, sensible, that can find the deep reasons of the presence of two (or more) Italies and reveal so easy and silent abuses that the potestà and others can carry on on farmers' shoulder. But the main strength of the movie is in a luminous and montalian photography, in a sensual and no overload pittoricism that makes a chromatic and geometric spectacle every single frame.

"Christ stopped at Eboli" (or in Italian "Cristo si e fermato a Eboli") is a rather hard to find movie. The theatrical release is about 2,5 hours long, but I saw the TV movie, that is nearly an hour longer.

The movie is about the banishment of narrator Carlo Levi in 1935 - 1936. Levi was a left wing intellectual and critic of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini.

The story is situated during the war between Italy and Abyssinia (todays Ethiopia), so before the Second World War.

In spite of the title, the movie is neither about Christ nor about Eboli.

Not about Eboli because the train station of Eboli is only a stopover in the journey of Levi to his banishment location of Grassano and Luciano, two small villages in the Southern region of Lucania (today Basilicata).

Not about Christ because in the remote villages of Grassano and Lucania the Roman Catholic faith is only a surface below which ancient pagan beliefs still lives on.

In his banishment location Levi enjoys a great deal of freedom. Mussolini is more concerned with getting rid of him in the political discourse than to punish him. At the beginning Levi is first of all an observing outsider but gradually he integrates with the local community, in no small measure thanks to his medical knowledge.

"Christ stopped at Eboli" is a film about the wealth difference between North- and South Italy. Levi encounters instances of malaria in his banishment location. Many citizens try to flee the poverty by emigrating to the United States. The "emotional distance" to New York seems almost shorter than to Rome.

But "Christ stopped at Eboli" is in particular a film about the mixture of Christianity and pagan beliefs. In many instances we see this combination in horror like movies (compare "The wicker man", 1973, Robin Hardy) but in "Christ stopped at Eboli" it is used to full effect in a social drama.

The film is above all a slow movie, in the good sense of the word. The central theme is the gradual integration of he main character in the local community, "gradual" being the essential word in this sentence.

Francesco Rosi is not a very well known director. He is of the same generation as the more popular Taviani brothers. "Christ stopped at Eboli" has also some resemblance with some Taviani movies, situated as it is in the poor South. I am thinking of "Padre Padrone" (1977) in particular. Compared with "Christ stopped at Eboli" "Padre Padrone" is however nearly an action movie.